COMPARING THE FIVE TRADITIONS Returning to Table 8.2, data analysis and representation have several common and distinctive features among the five traditions. Across all five traditions, the researcher typically begins with creating and or- ganizing files of information. Next, the process of a general reading and memoing of information occurs to develop a sense of the data and to begin the process of making sense of them. Then, all traditions have a phase of description with the exception of grounded theory, in which the investigator seeks to begin building toward a theory of the action or process. Now the analysis procedures begin to depart. Grounded theory and phenomenology have the most detailed, explicated procedure for data analysis. Ethnography and case studies have analysis procedures that are common, and biography represents the least structured procedure. Also, the terms used in the phase of