The protocal for postprandial testing is shown in figure1. The subjects were asked to fast for 10-12 h overnight and to refrain from alcohol, fried food, and any vigorous exercise for 24 h before the meal tests. On arrival at the university's clinical room, the participants were seated for 10 min. After body weight was measured, an intravenous cannula was inserted into a large antecubital vein for repeated blood sampling. A blood sample was collected for subsequent measurement of fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, and C-peptide. After an additional 15 min of rest, fasting indirect calorimeter was performed while the subjects were seated in a semirecumbent position for 15 min. The test meal was then consumed over 10 min. No other food or drink was allowed after the meal, except for water. Blood sampling and indirect calorimetry were performed at regular intervals after the meal for 120 min. The subjects remained in a semirecumbent position for the duration of the postprandial meal test and were not allowed to sleep; they were allowed to read magazines and listen to the radio.