Resilience is the ability of a material to absorb energy when it is elastically deformed up to yield point and this energy is recoverable upon unloading. This value is equal to the area under the elastic region of the engineering stress-strain curve.
Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy up to the point of fracture. This value is equal to the entire area under the engineering stress-strain curve. When compared with the total area, resilience makes up only a small portion of the total energy that the material can absorb before failure.