The history of citrus dates back to ancient civilizations.
Lemon [Citrus limon (L) Burm. f.] originated in Southeast Asia,
China, and the Malayan Archipelago. Lemon varieties were first
introduced into the Mediterranean countries when Romans
navigated through the Red Sea to India. The common Mediterranean
type of lemon has not been found growing wild in any
part of the Mediterranean region. Lemon is an important crop,
grown in coastal sites of southern California, Sicily, Greece,
and Spain. Greece is one of the main exporters of citrus to many
countries (1, 2).
In addition to juice production, essential oil is one of the main
byproducts of citrus processing. Essential oils exported by
European producers annually include 850 tons of lemon, 80
tons of mandarin, and 60 tons of bergamot (3). Lemon essential
oil is of considerable importance from both economic and
scientific points of view. The importance of lemon oil and its
widespread use in the flavor and fragrance industry make the
acquisition of accurate compositional data highly desirable.
The quality of essential oil depends on different factors.
Among them are the chemotype and biotype of the plant as
well as the climatic conditions (4). A study of the influence of
different periods of ripening on the chemical composition of
lemon essential oil from leaves and peel is, therefore, considered
useful. Staroscic and Wilson (5) studied the seasonal and
regional variation in the composition of cold-pressed lemon oil.
Later, Crescimanno et al. (6) measured the variation of the
essential oil in the leaves of four lemon varieties.
According to Shaw (7) there are several minor unidentified
components of lemon oil that may make an important contribution
to its flavor. Njoroge (8) found that the Japanese lemon
leaf oil consists mainly of geranial, followed by limonene and
neral. Quantification of the lemon peel oil components appeared
in the study of Chamblee et al. (9). Volatile constituents of
lemon leaf and peel oil were analyzed by capillary GC and GCMS
(10). Analyses of peel essential oils of Italian and Japanese
The history of citrus dates back to ancient civilizations.
Lemon [Citrus limon (L) Burm. f.] originated in Southeast Asia,
China, and the Malayan Archipelago. Lemon varieties were first
introduced into the Mediterranean countries when Romans
navigated through the Red Sea to India. The common Mediterranean
type of lemon has not been found growing wild in any
part of the Mediterranean region. Lemon is an important crop,
grown in coastal sites of southern California, Sicily, Greece,
and Spain. Greece is one of the main exporters of citrus to many
countries (1, 2).
In addition to juice production, essential oil is one of the main
byproducts of citrus processing. Essential oils exported by
European producers annually include 850 tons of lemon, 80
tons of mandarin, and 60 tons of bergamot (3). Lemon essential
oil is of considerable importance from both economic and
scientific points of view. The importance of lemon oil and its
widespread use in the flavor and fragrance industry make the
acquisition of accurate compositional data highly desirable.
The quality of essential oil depends on different factors.
Among them are the chemotype and biotype of the plant as
well as the climatic conditions (4). A study of the influence of
different periods of ripening on the chemical composition of
lemon essential oil from leaves and peel is, therefore, considered
useful. Staroscic and Wilson (5) studied the seasonal and
regional variation in the composition of cold-pressed lemon oil.
Later, Crescimanno et al. (6) measured the variation of the
essential oil in the leaves of four lemon varieties.
According to Shaw (7) there are several minor unidentified
components of lemon oil that may make an important contribution
to its flavor. Njoroge (8) found that the Japanese lemon
leaf oil consists mainly of geranial, followed by limonene and
neral. Quantification of the lemon peel oil components appeared
in the study of Chamblee et al. (9). Volatile constituents of
lemon leaf and peel oil were analyzed by capillary GC and GCMS
(10). Analyses of peel essential oils of Italian and Japanese
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The history of citrus dates back to ancient civilizations.
Lemon [Citrus limon (L) Burm. f.] originated in Southeast Asia,
China, and the Malayan Archipelago. Lemon varieties were first
introduced into the Mediterranean countries when Romans
navigated through the Red Sea to India. The common Mediterranean
type of lemon has not been found growing wild in any
part of the Mediterranean region. Lemon is an important crop,
grown in coastal sites of southern California, Sicily, Greece,
and Spain. Greece is one of the main exporters of citrus to many
countries (1, 2).
In addition to juice production, essential oil is one of the main
byproducts of citrus processing. Essential oils exported by
European producers annually include 850 tons of lemon, 80
tons of mandarin,และ 60 ตันของมะกรูด ( 3 ) น้ำมันมะนาว
เป็นจํานวนมาก ที่สำคัญทั้งทางเศรษฐกิจและ
ทางวิทยาศาสตร์จุดของมุมมอง ความสำคัญของน้ำมันมะนาวและ
ฉาวใช้ในรสชาติและอุตสาหกรรมน้ำหอมให้
ซื้อถูกต้อง ส่วนประกอบข้อมูลที่พึงประสงค์สูง คุณภาพของน้ำมันหอมระเหย
ขึ้นอยู่กับปัจจัยต่าง ๆในหมู่พวกเขามี chemotype และไบโอไทป์ของพืช
รวมทั้งสภาวะอากาศ ( 4 ) การศึกษาอิทธิพลของระยะเวลาการสุกแตกต่างกัน
ต่อองค์ประกอบทางเคมีของน้ำมันหอมระเหยจากใบ
มะนาวและเปลือกจึงถือว่า
มีประโยชน์ staroscic วิลสัน ( 5 ) การศึกษาการเปลี่ยนแปลงตามฤดูกาลและภูมิภาค
ในองค์ประกอบของน้ำมันบีบเย็นมะนาว .
ต่อมา crescimanno et al . (6) measured the variation of the
essential oil in the leaves of four lemon varieties.
According to Shaw (7) there are several minor unidentified
components of lemon oil that may make an important contribution
to its flavor. Njoroge (8) found that the Japanese lemon
leaf oil consists mainly of geranial, followed by limonene and
neral. Quantification of the lemon peel oil components appeared
in the study of Chamblee et al. (9). Volatile constituents of
lemon leaf and peel oil were analyzed by capillary GC and GCMS
(10). Analyses of peel essential oils of Italian and Japanese
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