pork burger added with PFA. These results were in concordance with
the finding of Besbes et al. (2008) in low-fat beef burgers made with
hazelnut pellicles or Sayas-Barberá et al. (2011) in pork burgers added
with chitosan. The reduction in diameter is the result of the denaturation
of meat proteins with the loss of water and fat. The addition of PFA could
contribute to the reduction of this phenomenon because of their water
and fat-holding capacities (13.00 g/g and 2.03 g/g, respectively). As
regards to thickness increase, the control pork burger showed again
higher (p b 0.05) values, for this parameter than the pork burger added
with PFA. This behavior could be attributed to the binding and stabilizing
properties of PFA, which restrict the distortion of the product during
cooking. The results obtained were in concordance with Turhan et al.
(2005) in low-fat beef burgers incorporated with hazelnut pellicle.
The cooking process led to water evaporation and lipid migration,
and the intensity of such changes is known to affect product acceptance
(Sánchez-Zapata et al., 2012).Moisture and fat retention were similarly
affected by PFA addition. Control pork burgers showed lower fat retention
and moisture retention (p b 0.05) than the pork burger addedwith
PFA and it did in a concentration-dependentmanner. These increased in
fat and moisture retention could be explained by the good water holding
and oil holding properties of PFA. The results were in accordance
with Piñero et al. (2008) who reported an increased in fat and moisture
retention in low-fat patties added with oat's soluble fiber or Serdaroglu
and Degirmencioglu (2004)who informed an increased in these parameters
by the addition of corn flour in Turkish type meatballs.
pork burger added with PFA. These results were in concordance with
the finding of Besbes et al. (2008) in low-fat beef burgers made with
hazelnut pellicles or Sayas-Barberá et al. (2011) in pork burgers added
with chitosan. The reduction in diameter is the result of the denaturation
of meat proteins with the loss of water and fat. The addition of PFA could
contribute to the reduction of this phenomenon because of their water
and fat-holding capacities (13.00 g/g and 2.03 g/g, respectively). As
regards to thickness increase, the control pork burger showed again
higher (p b 0.05) values, for this parameter than the pork burger added
with PFA. This behavior could be attributed to the binding and stabilizing
properties of PFA, which restrict the distortion of the product during
cooking. The results obtained were in concordance with Turhan et al.
(2005) in low-fat beef burgers incorporated with hazelnut pellicle.
The cooking process led to water evaporation and lipid migration,
and the intensity of such changes is known to affect product acceptance
(Sánchez-Zapata et al., 2012).Moisture and fat retention were similarly
affected by PFA addition. Control pork burgers showed lower fat retention
and moisture retention (p b 0.05) than the pork burger addedwith
PFA and it did in a concentration-dependentmanner. These increased in
fat and moisture retention could be explained by the good water holding
and oil holding properties of PFA. The results were in accordance
with Piñero et al. (2008) who reported an increased in fat and moisture
retention in low-fat patties added with oat's soluble fiber or Serdaroglu
and Degirmencioglu (2004)who informed an increased in these parameters
by the addition of corn flour in Turkish type meatballs.
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