Cambodia showed by far the greatest diversity of FMAS combinations,and distribution of combinations differed significantly (χ2,pb0.01) between the upland and lowland provinces. A combination of rice field, household pond and another pond (RF+HP+ OP) was the most prevalent in lowland Cambodia, followed by rice field and household pond only (RF+HP). In upland Cambodia, rice field only was the most common category, followed by rice field and other pond (mostly, pond in the lake). In Thailand, most farmers had combined rice fields and trap ponds (RF+ PRF), but some had rice fields only