In the tropics, likewise in Thailand, buffaloes and cattle are raised as an integral part of the
crop production system, especially where rice is the main commodity (Chantalakana, 2001). Swamp
buffaloes are fed on low-quality roughages, agricultural crop-residues, and industrial by-products,
which basically contain high levels of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin, as well as low levels of
fermentable carbohydrates and poor-quality protein. However, crop residues are an available feed
resource in local areas from crop cultivation and are a very important source of roughages for
ruminants. These diets result in low performance, productivity and poor health due to their low
quality, because rice straw is low in available energy, protein and vitamin, has an imbalance of
essential minerals, and contains a large pool of structural carbohydrates (Wanapat, 1999). Efficient
utilization of roughages depends on the availability of nutrients needed by both rumen microbes and
by the animal with the ultimate aim of maximizing feed intake and performance (Preston and Leng
1987). Recent research on locally available feed resources such as crop residues, and industrial by
products, dietary addition of micronutrients, feed technology, use of performance modifiers and use
of ruminally protected fat and protein sources, have shown a significant potential to improve
growth, milk yield and reproductive performance of buffaloes (Sarwar et al., 2009). The following
study aimed at comparing the effect of different sources of roughage on feed intake and digestibility
in swamp buffaloes.
In the tropics, likewise in Thailand, buffaloes and cattle are raised as an integral part of thecrop production system, especially where rice is the main commodity (Chantalakana, 2001). Swampbuffaloes are fed on low-quality roughages, agricultural crop-residues, and industrial by-products,which basically contain high levels of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin, as well as low levels offermentable carbohydrates and poor-quality protein. However, crop residues are an available feedresource in local areas from crop cultivation and are a very important source of roughages forruminants. These diets result in low performance, productivity and poor health due to their lowquality, because rice straw is low in available energy, protein and vitamin, has an imbalance ofessential minerals, and contains a large pool of structural carbohydrates (Wanapat, 1999). Efficientutilization of roughages depends on the availability of nutrients needed by both rumen microbes andby the animal with the ultimate aim of maximizing feed intake and performance (Preston and Leng1987). Recent research on locally available feed resources such as crop residues, and industrial byproducts, dietary addition of micronutrients, feed technology, use of performance modifiers and useof ruminally protected fat and protein sources, have shown a significant potential to improvegrowth, milk yield and reproductive performance of buffaloes (Sarwar et al., 2009). The followingstudy aimed at comparing the effect of different sources of roughage on feed intake and digestibilityin swamp buffaloes.
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