The electrochemical PANI powder was galvanostatically synthe-sized as described in reference
In summary, the polyaniline powder was synthesized over 22 h from 0.5 M HCl (p.a. Merck)and 0.3 M aniline monomer (p.a. Merck)
which was distilled under reduced pressure
The PANI powder was rinsed repeatedly with distilled water until no chloride ions remained
the powder was also rinsed with acetone to remove any low molecular-weight oligomers
The yield of the emeraldine salt was ∼70%
In addition, a chemical synthesis was performed.
The synthesis was conducted at room tempera-ture in 50 ml of 0.1 M H2SO4 with 1.86 g of aniline monomer
Afterstirring, 50 ml of 0.1 M H2SO4containing 5.71 g of (NH4)2S2O7wasadded dropwise