Since an early review of the advantages and limitations of various behavioral-measurement strategies (Komaki, Collins, & Thoene,1980),few studies have been conducted to systematically evaluate or compare the different measurement approaches used in safety research. Thus several questions remain about what measurement tools and strategies work best. A characteristic feature of behavioral safety is its reliance on direct peer observations of safety-related behaviors. Although the direct observations of at-risk behaviors are typical, it is not uncommon to also target the outcome or consequences of safety-related behaviors, such as a clean floor, guard installed on a machine, or a secured ladder.