From a total of 2,688 studies, 92 observational studies provided prevalence rates
for hypertension and/or obesity specifically in adults with T2DM. Fifteen studies of specific
subtypes of hypertension or subpopulations with T2DM were subsequently excluded, leaving
78 studies (in 77 articles) for inclusion in this article. Of these, 61studies reported hypertension
prevalence, 44 reported obesity prevalence, and 12 reported the prevalence of hypertension with
obesity. Most studies had a low risk of bias regarding diagnosis of T2DM (70/78), hypertension
(59/69), or obesity (45/47). The continental regions with the most observational studies of
hypertension or obesity prevalence were Europe (n = 30) and Asia (n = 26). Hypertension rates
typically were high in all regions; most studies presented rates above 50%, and many presented
rates above 75%. Obesity rates exceeded 30% in 38 of 44 studies and 50% in 14 of 44 studies,
especially those assessing central obesity (based on waist circumference). Among obese adults,
hypertension rates were at or above 70% in Asia and above 80% in Europe; rates were lower
in North and South America but still above 30%.