Solid waste is processed for recycling and/or to reduce its volume and pollution potential for landfill sites. The sustainability of a recycling sector depends on its cost-effectiveness; and this is mostly determined by the economic status of a society. In developed economies, there exists an organized method for collecting and processing some recyclables like paper, glass and metal through public and private participation. In the case of developing economies, where the percentage of recyclable fractions like paper, glass and metals is lower, their recovery and recycling has been performed mostly by small industry in a less organized manner (Shekdar and Tanaka, 2004). Incineration has been established as a thermal processing method for the combustible fractions of solid waste. The purpose is to reduce the volume of waste requiring final disposal and to recover the heat released during combustion. The process becomes expensive due to the complex technology required for large-scale burning and air pollution control. In developing economies, incineration is not feasible due to the low heat value of the wastes, as well as the high cost of processing and difficulties in maintaining the required operating conditions. Also, several attempts are being made to establish composting as a meaningful processing technology for the bulk of the degradable organic fractions, an approach that supplements the agricultural industry with compost as a soil conditioner and reduces the organic load of landfill operations. Currently, private sector participation is sought for cost-effective biological processing through semi-mechanized composting or bio-methanation of degradable organic matter as a source of renewable energy.