The reproductive modes of anurans (frogs and toads) are the most diverse of terrestrial vertebrates, and a major challenge isidentifying selective factors that promote the evolution or retention of reproductive modes across clades. Terrestrialized anuranbreeding strategies have evolved repeatedly from the plesiomorphic fully aquatic reproductive mode, a process thought tooccur through intermediate reproductive stages. Several selective forces have been proposed for the evolution of terrestrializedreproductive traits, but factors such as water systems and co-evolution with ecomorphologies have not been investigated. Weexamined these topics in a comparative phylogenetic framework using Afrobatrachian frogs, an ecologically and reproductivelydiverse clade representing more than half of the total frog diversity found in Africa (400 species). We infer direct development hasevolved twice independently from terrestrialized reproductive modes involving subterranean or terrestrial oviposition, supportingevolution through intermediate stages. We also detect associations between specific ecomorphologies and oviposition sites, anddemonstrate arboreal species exhibit an overall shift toward using lentic water systems for breeding. These results indicatethat changes in microhabitat use associated with ecomorphology, which allow access to novel sites for reproductive behavior,oviposition, or larval development, may also promote reproductive mode diversity in anurans