The population of the study included private service providers, municipal authorities, the local government authorities and Dar es Salaam City Council, which is the overall overseer and adviser of solid waste management in the city. The sampling frame involves the private service deliverers, which includes NGOs, CBOs and private companies in all three municipalities that serve as service providers. The municipal authorities stand as planners and regulators and local governments of ward and street authorities have the role of monitoring, planning, regulating and evaluating. Monitoring was done through physical inspection of scheduled collection of waste by the private service providers, although these activities were done with limited resources of funds and personnel.