Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated using double layers of nano-structured TiO2filmsas photoanodes. Different anode architectures of double-layered TiO2films were fabricated in order tostudy the structural effect of photoanodes on the solar cell efficiency. The performances of DSSCs basedon composite photoanodes in the forms of TiO2nanoparticles/nanobelts (TiO2P–B), TiO2nanoparti-cles/nanoparticles (TiO2P–P), TiO2nanobelts/nanobelts (TiO2B–B) double-layered electrodes with thesame film thicknesses were studied in detail, and their corresponding efficiencies were 4.81%, 3.55% and0.36%. The work shows that significant improvement of efficiency can be achieved through combinedenhancement in optical scattering using the TiO2nanobelts and high dye absorbing capacity of the TiO2nanoparticles.