3.3 Melting characteristics
The range of meltdown rate in our study matched other research very well (Bolliger et
al. 2000; Karaca et al. 2009; BahramParvar et al. 2012). There was a significant
difference in meltdown rate of samples (P<0.05). Ice creams containing 0.2% CMC
and guar blend and 0.1% BSG showed the highest (1.58 g·min−1) and the lowest
(0.28 g·min−1) values of meltdown rate, respectively (Table 2). The addition of BSG
substantially reduced the meltdown rate of samples at either concentration compared
to the CMC and guar blend. Such mixes had a greater resistance to flow and would
not drip through the screen fast. Meltdown rate is usually a function of both fat structure
formation and the rheological properties of the ice cream (Marshall et al. 2003). Muse
and Hartel (2004) found that meltdown rate increased as the level of fat destabilization
diminished, the consistency coefficient decreased, and the ice crystal size increased.
Therefore, the higher viscosity of ice creams containing BSG compared to the
CMC/guar blend was partly responsible for the reduced meltdown rate.
Table 1 Rheological properties of ice cream mixes containing different types and concentrations of
stabilizers
Formulation Apparent viscosity (Pa·s) at 50 s-1 n K(Pa·sn)
No stabilizer 0.046±0.0019c 0.80±0.028a 0.098±0.0045d
0.1% BSG 0.18±0.0070a 0.63±0.003bc 0.75±0.038ab
0.1% CMC/guar 0.094±0.0036b 0.73±0.052ab 0.27±0.043c
0.2% BSG 0.18±0.0096a 0.59±0.011c 0.90±0.031a
0.2% CMC/guar 0.17±0.011a 0.67±0.027bc 0.61±0.02b
Different letters in a column represent significant differences, P<0.05, n=3
BSG basil seed gum, CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
Table 2 The effect of type and
concentration of stabilizers on
some physical properties of ice
cream
Different letters in a column
represent significant differences,
P<0.05, n=3BSG basil seed gum,
CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
Formulation Overrun (%) Meltdown rate (g·min−1)
No stabilizer 45.8±3.7b 1.08±0.19b
0.1% BSG 46.5±4.0b 0.28±0.021d
0.1% CMC/guar 59.5±4.6a 0.72±0.033bc
0.2% BSG 42.7±3.0b 0.30±0.015cd
0.2% CMC/guar 62.3±5.1a 1.58±0.21a
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