Samples from affected plants and symptomless plants were collected from several independent plantations and
subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect phytoplasma. Five samples consisting of leaflets
from either yellowish green or yellowed leaves were collected from each bamboo plantation. Total DNA was isolated
from approximately 0.3g of fresh tissue using the phytoplasma-enrichment procedure described in Ahrens and Seemüller (1992).