Though it is the inhibition of AChE in the nervous system which is the cause
of toxicity, resembling kinds of cholinesterase are found in the blood with the
possibility to be used as indicators of exposure to OP pesticides. OP pesticides stick
to both AChE that is found in the synapses and joined to red blood cells and bind to
butyryl cholinesterase called likewise plasma cholinesterase (PChE) and found in
plasma. It is possible for pesticides to have various affinities for AChE and PChE.
Therefore, power as an inhibitor changes according to the specific pesticide. Levels of
inhibition of AChE as well as PChE give not much different information. Moreover,
it is wise to do both tests for each patient. Red blood cell cholinesterase is similar to
the enzyme existing in the nervous system. It is also believed to be a good indicator of
real neuronal activity. The rate of turnover for red blood cells is not quick (approximately 3 months). AChE measurements also show the nature of this replacement
rate that is not fast. Therefore, AChE is characteristically used as an indicator of
chronic exposure. On the contrary, PChE turnover is much more rapid. PChE is a
more efficient short-term indicator because of its faster response to exposure. It is
used as an indicator of latest, severe exposure. When a person’s exposure comes to an end,
both enzymes return to their usual action levels as turnover happens (Brown et al., 2006).
Though it is the inhibition of AChE in the nervous system which is the causeof toxicity, resembling kinds of cholinesterase are found in the blood with thepossibility to be used as indicators of exposure to OP pesticides. OP pesticides stickto both AChE that is found in the synapses and joined to red blood cells and bind tobutyryl cholinesterase called likewise plasma cholinesterase (PChE) and found inplasma. It is possible for pesticides to have various affinities for AChE and PChE.Therefore, power as an inhibitor changes according to the specific pesticide. Levels ofinhibition of AChE as well as PChE give not much different information. Moreover,it is wise to do both tests for each patient. Red blood cell cholinesterase is similar tothe enzyme existing in the nervous system. It is also believed to be a good indicator ofreal neuronal activity. The rate of turnover for red blood cells is not quick (approximately 3 months). AChE measurements also show the nature of this replacementrate that is not fast. Therefore, AChE is characteristically used as an indicator ofchronic exposure. On the contrary, PChE turnover is much more rapid. PChE is amore efficient short-term indicator because of its faster response to exposure. It isused as an indicator of latest, severe exposure. When a person’s exposure comes to an end,both enzymes return to their usual action levels as turnover happens (Brown et al., 2006).
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