In order to determine the briquetting characteristics of biomass in a commercial setting, a hydraulic
briquetter was used to study the compaction behavior of biomass grinds from barley, oat, canola and
wheat straw. The selected straw samples were ground with a hammer mill using screen sizes of 19.05,
25.40 and 31.75 mm and conditioned to three moisture content levels of 0.09, 0.12 and 0.15 (w.b.). The
residence time was about 6e10 min before being extruded from the briquetter. The specific energy,
throughput, as well as the density, and durability of manufactured briquettes were measured during or
after briquetting. The applied compression pressure at different parameter combinations ranged from
7 to 14 MPa. Higher pressure resulted at higher biomass moisture content. Hammer mill grinding of
biomass with a large screen size (31.75 mm) resulted in high energy consumption and low throughput
during briquetting. The increase in moisture content decreased the total energy consumption and
increased the throughput of the briquetter. Briquette densities were of consistently higher value when
biomass samples were compressed at a lower moisture level. The moisture content and hammer mill
screen size indirectly influenced the briquette densities by affecting the pressure and residence time in
commercial briquette production. Briquettes were successfully formed without adding a binder