Its value of theM/zwhen the cobalt is being depositedwith 100%efficiency, i.e., without any other parallel process on the surface of the electrode. If electrochemical processes occur with parallel chemical processes as for example with deposit of mass by precipitation, the ratio M/z will be higher value than theoretical. If electrochemical process occur with lower or no mass change, the experimental M/z will be lower than the theoretical value for the reaction considered.