3. Vitamin Production Processes
• 3.1 Vitamin B12
• Vitamin B12 is produced commercially at about 10 tons per year.
• Fermentations have to be run under complete or partial anaerobiosis when using species of Pseudomonas or
Propionibacterium.
• Propionibacterium freudenreichii can produce 206 mg/L although the major industrial organisms are Pseudomonas denitrificans and Propionibacterium shermanii.