We focus on the adoption responses that occurred by 2003. It is important to note that while some countries were considered adopters of IFRS at the timeframe of interest in this study, subsequent reports by D&T show that the level of national adoption could change, based on the specifics of the country's financial reporting system. For example, by 2003 some countries claimed IFRS adoption but subsequently, because they did not adopt new standards as published by the IASB or new standards were not translated, these countries were no longer classified as adopters at a later point. The variation in the path of adoption and factors behind it require further study.