National images exist and will continue to evolve one way or another. However, without attention by the countries them- selves they will often be based on miscon- ceptions, with potential negative short- and long-term consequences for those nations (Papadopoulos and Heslop, 2002). Failing to develop an attractive nation brand or put up a truly representative image of the nation will essentially leave target markets and com- petitors free to create whatever stereotypes they wish.The logical conclusion is that each nation must take control of its own reputa- tion by managing its nation brand.