The principle of artificial rain
In the troposphere, the temperature of the atmosphere descends with altitude. Therefore the clouds in the troposphere are lower in temperature as they rise in altitude and vice versa. When the temperature of a cloud is above 0 °C, the cloud is called a warm cloud; when it is below 0 °C it is called a cold cloud. Inside a warm cloud, small water drops will become large ones through collision and coalescence, and will finally break the buoyancy of the cloud and fall out of its bottom to become rainfall to the ground. Likewise, inside a cold cloud, ice crystals can also grow to a size where they can break the buoyancy and fall out of the cloud's bottom, and when they pass through a temperature of 0 °C they will melt and become rain drops, also providing the ground with rain. When the water drops in a cloud are too small or there are not enough ice crystals to create rainfall, we can use artificial ways to create ice crystals or help small water drops grow, and thereby facilitate the formation of precipitation. This human influenced weather phenomenon is called artificial rain. There are many ways to make rain in a warm cloud, e.g. spraying water drops, hygroscopic powder or liquid (sodium chloride), etc, and letting the water drops grow though collision and coalescence to finally become rain. There are also many ways to make rain in a cold cloud, but the most common way is to use dry ice or silver iodide. This is mainly because the temperature of dry ice is -78 °C. Spreading dry ice in a cold cloud lacking ice crystals will rapidly reduce its temperature. Therefore we directly transform supercooled water into ice crystals, which will eventually become rain without the help of ice-crystal nuclei. Silver iodide, on the other hand, is a very effective ice-crystal nucleus. By adding it to a cloud, silver iodide acting as an ice-crystal nucleus can facilitate the solidification of water drops below -5 °C into ice crystals. Through the growing process the ice crystals under the coexistence of water drops, the rain will be formed.
หลักการของฝนเทียมIn the troposphere, the temperature of the atmosphere descends with altitude. Therefore the clouds in the troposphere are lower in temperature as they rise in altitude and vice versa. When the temperature of a cloud is above 0 °C, the cloud is called a warm cloud; when it is below 0 °C it is called a cold cloud. Inside a warm cloud, small water drops will become large ones through collision and coalescence, and will finally break the buoyancy of the cloud and fall out of its bottom to become rainfall to the ground. Likewise, inside a cold cloud, ice crystals can also grow to a size where they can break the buoyancy and fall out of the cloud's bottom, and when they pass through a temperature of 0 °C they will melt and become rain drops, also providing the ground with rain. When the water drops in a cloud are too small or there are not enough ice crystals to create rainfall, we can use artificial ways to create ice crystals or help small water drops grow, and thereby facilitate the formation of precipitation. This human influenced weather phenomenon is called artificial rain. There are many ways to make rain in a warm cloud, e.g. spraying water drops, hygroscopic powder or liquid (sodium chloride), etc, and letting the water drops grow though collision and coalescence to finally become rain. There are also many ways to make rain in a cold cloud, but the most common way is to use dry ice or silver iodide. This is mainly because the temperature of dry ice is -78 °C. Spreading dry ice in a cold cloud lacking ice crystals will rapidly reduce its temperature. Therefore we directly transform supercooled water into ice crystals, which will eventually become rain without the help of ice-crystal nuclei. Silver iodide, on the other hand, is a very effective ice-crystal nucleus. By adding it to a cloud, silver iodide acting as an ice-crystal nucleus can facilitate the solidification of water drops below -5 °C into ice crystals. Through the growing process the ice crystals under the coexistence of water drops, the rain will be formed.
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