Hausman et al. (2005) have employed global logistics indicators developed by the
World Bank to estimate the impact of the level of bilateral trade on logistics
performance. These indicators are based on time, cost, variability, complexity, and risk.
United States International Trade Commission (USITC, 2005) further identified other
measures that may influence efficient trade across countries. It categorizes the measures
that inhibit trade facilitation in global logistics services into regulatory, border and
customs, security, and mode-specific measures.