2.3. Bread making processA straight

2.3. Bread making process
A straight dough process was performed using a Kitchen-Aid Professional mixer (KPM5, KitchenAid, St. Joseph, MI, USA) with a dough hook (K45DH). The following ingredients (as% on wet flour basis) were used: sunflower oil (6%), sucrose (5%), salt (1.8%), dry yeast (3%), HPMC (2%) and water (70%, 90% or 110%). The water content or dough hydration was referred to the amount of water used in each recipe. All ingredients were mixed for 8 min at speed 2 (in a scale 1–10 of the mixer). Dough pieces (250 g) were placed into aluminium pans (232