Downy mildews (DMs), caused by Peronosclerospora and Sclerospora
species are the most destructive diseases for maize crops in
the lowland tropics, especially in tropical Asian countries. The
major downy mildew diseases occurring in Asia include sorghum
DM [Peronosclerospora sorghi (Weston & Uppal) C.G. Shaw], Philippine
DM [Peronosclerospora philippinensis (Weston) C.G. Shaw],
sugarcane DM [Peronosclerospora sacchari (T. Miyabe) Shirai and
Hara], Java DM [Peronosclerospora maydis (Raciborski)] and brown