4–5 nm, and no rutile phase was detected. The mixed anatase and
rutile phase was clearly present in un-doped TiO
2
, TiO
/TEN and
TiO
/urea. The crystallite sizes observed in the TEM micrographs
were consistent with those obtained from the estimation of peak
broadening of XRD spectra. The smallest crystal size of the anatase
phase from TiO
2
/DEA was approximately 5 nm, and the larger particles
of the rutile phase from all types of N-doped TiO
2
exceeded
an average of 10 nm.
2
2