Rubisco
Rubisco catalyses carboxylation and oxygenation of RuBP to initiate photosynthesis and photorespiration respectively64. Its slow catalytic rate, low affinity for atmospheric CO2 and use of O2 as an alternative substrate for the competing process of photorespiration together makes rubisco inefficient. As the rate-limiting step of photosynthesis, Rubisco is often viewed as a potential target for genetic manipulation to improve photosynthesis and yield65. A substantial