The survey is probably the most widely used method for gathering data. It may be
administered in person, over the telephone, or through the mail. For a survey to be
scientific, it must be directed at a population. Population refers to any group the
researcher is studying such as all college freshmen or residents of a particular city.
Since it is often impossible to survey every member of a population, researchers
sample a small number of cases and use them to represent the entire population.
Researchers attempt to obtain a representative sample rather than a large sample.
A representative sample of the United States, for example, would include about
the same proportion of Hispanics, African Americans, women, etc. as the whole
nation. If done successfully, this results in a sample which mirrors the population.
As a result, researchers can be confident that their conclusions from the sample are
generalizeable to the whole population. The most accurate method for assuring
generalizeability is to use random sampling. In this technique, everyone in the
population has an equal chance of being selected as a respondent
The survey is probably the most widely used method for gathering data. It may be
administered in person, over the telephone, or through the mail. For a survey to be
scientific, it must be directed at a population. Population refers to any group the
researcher is studying such as all college freshmen or residents of a particular city.
Since it is often impossible to survey every member of a population, researchers
sample a small number of cases and use them to represent the entire population.
Researchers attempt to obtain a representative sample rather than a large sample.
A representative sample of the United States, for example, would include about
the same proportion of Hispanics, African Americans, women, etc. as the whole
nation. If done successfully, this results in a sample which mirrors the population.
As a result, researchers can be confident that their conclusions from the sample are
generalizeable to the whole population. The most accurate method for assuring
generalizeability is to use random sampling. In this technique, everyone in the
population has an equal chance of being selected as a respondent
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