5.6. Conclusions
The impacts of HS on dairy cows have been long
described and include milk production losses and impaired
reproductive performance. In high-producing dairy animals
with high metabolic demands, these effects are
exacerbated. Cows delivering in a hot environment not only
have to cope with reproductive disorders before conception
but also have to cope with the interactions among these
disorders [141]. The problem is further aggravated by global
warming determining that the effects of HS are now
appearing in countries where this was inconceivable some
years ago. From a clinical perspective, HS is among the most
important factor that affects farm economy during the
warm season. Although veterinarians and farmers often