Without restricting group communication or
discussion, each participant were required to cast four
votes, (each using label of distinctive color) in the
respective four best categories; low cost improvement,
productivity improvement, creative or innovative
improvement as well as safety and health improvement.
Thereafter, several participants were asked to justify
their votes and discussed openly.
Similar to the first activity, the third activity require
participants to suggest three practices in current job tasks
which has room or opportunity for improvement. The
participants were expected to express, share and listen to
others’ creativity and innovative thoughts (if any) towards
improving their workplace particularly of their work tasks.
2.5. Control Group
While ergonomics intervention program was
conducted for IG, a different aspect of health
intervention program was carried out for CG due to
ethical consideration. A half-day communicable disease
health promotion program on two separate topics;
dengue fever and HIV-AIDS was conducted.
Videos of respective topics were screened in the native
language of the participants where each were followed by
a short discussion focusing primarily on health effects and
prevention of both the communicable disease of interest.
Similar welfare and financial provision as were provided
for IG were also provided for CG.
2.6. Measurement/Evaluation of Outcomes
In order to measure the degree of changes or
improvement which has occurred post-intervention, three
instruments were used as indicators. The body parts
Symptoms Survey (BSS) questionnaire was used to
assess musculoskeletal disorders while a Knowledge,
Attitude and Practices (KAP) questionnaire was used to
detect changes of the respective three dimensions.
Pre-intervention (Pre-Int) assessment using BSS and
KAP was carried out prior to implementation of
intervention program whereas socio-demographic
background and occupational information were based on
previously conducted study. The post-intervention (Post-
1-Int and Post-2-Int) assessment was carried out at the
interval of 2 months respectively after the
implementation of intervention program.
During Pre-Int assessment, the information collected
using BSS were self-reported prevalence of MSDs (for
the past 2 months and 7 days). Subsequently, the Post-1-
Int and Post-2-Int assessment determine the prevalence
of MSDs (for the past 2 months and 7 days) within the 2
months interval after implementation of intervention and
Post-1-Int assessment respectively.