improving their mechanical and barrier properties. A new class of cellulosic composites has been developed where the critical problems of reinforcement and matrix interfacial adhesion can be overcome by using cellulosic derivatives as the matrix and cellulosic fibers as reinforcing agent.The nano-scaled celluloses, with high strength and stiffness, are suitable candidates to become promising reinforcing elements forthe preparation of composite materials . Comparing to the neat polymers, CNC containing composites has higher tensile strength properties (higher tensile strength and modulus)due to this rod-like structure, high crystallinity, and stiffness. CNC can align and orient along matrix axis improving mechanical per-formance .Rice straw is a common agricultural residue in many countries in the world. Rice straw fibers have similar properties to hardwoodfibers such as short fiber length, hemicelluloses that consist mainlyof pentoses (mainly xylose and arabinose sugars), and lignin which consists mainly of syringyl–guaiacyl units. Rice straw fibers havediameters from 5 to 14 m with lengths from 0.65 to 3.48 mm. Rice straw fibers are characterized also by the presence of high amount of silica (∼ 15%of fiber weight). Due to high silica content in rice straw, its usein papermaking is not widely practiced. After pulping and bleach-ing of rice straw, silica remains in the pulp in significant amounts