In this study, the long-term toxic effects of pyrethroids on the earthwormEisenia fetidawere evaluated.
Earthworms were exposed to moist filter paper and soil for 14 days to evaluate the survival, exposed to soil
for 56 days to assess the reproductive success and for 28 days to identify the cytotoxicity. Results showed
that the earthworm survival rate decreased with increasing the concentration of either deltamethrin or
fenvalerate in both filter paper test and soil test. No worms survived at 602.15gcm−2
of deltamethrin
and 0.86gcm−2
of fenvalerate in the filter paper test, however 100–125 mg kg
−1
of both chemicals
resulted in the maximum mortality of 90% in the soil test. The CYP3A4 enzyme activity responded significantly to deltamethrin and fenvalerante in soil at low concentration levels, however, the toxicity
response of worms under the long-term exposure conflicted with the degradation of deltamethrin and
fenvalerate in soil, indicating the possible formation of more toxic pyrethroid metabolites. This study gave
an insight into the toxicological effects profile of pyrethroids for a better risk assessment of pyrethroids
deltamethrin and fenvalerante in soil.
© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
In this study, the long-term toxic effects of pyrethroids on the earthwormEisenia fetidawere evaluated.Earthworms were exposed to moist filter paper and soil for 14 days to evaluate the survival, exposed to soilfor 56 days to assess the reproductive success and for 28 days to identify the cytotoxicity. Results showedthat the earthworm survival rate decreased with increasing the concentration of either deltamethrin orfenvalerate in both filter paper test and soil test. No worms survived at 602.15gcm−2of deltamethrinand 0.86gcm−2of fenvalerate in the filter paper test, however 100–125 mg kg−1of both chemicalsresulted in the maximum mortality of 90% in the soil test. The CYP3A4 enzyme activity responded significantly to deltamethrin and fenvalerante in soil at low concentration levels, however, the toxicityresponse of worms under the long-term exposure conflicted with the degradation of deltamethrin andfenvalerate in soil, indicating the possible formation of more toxic pyrethroid metabolites. This study gavean insight into the toxicological effects profile of pyrethroids for a better risk assessment of pyrethroidsdeltamethrin and fenvalerante in soil.© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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