Abstract: We investigated the significance of periductal lymphatic and blood vascular densities in intraductal carcinomas
(IDC) of the breast. Thirty five cases of pure IDC treated by partial or total mastectomy were reviewed. Seven cases
with normal breast tissue and 48 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were included as controls. All cases were immunostained
with D2-40 and CD31. Positively stained microvessels were counted in densely vascular ⁄ lymphatic foci (hot spots)
at 400· (=0.17 mm2) in the periductal areas. IDC without comedonecrosis showed a mean periductal D2-40 lymphatic
microvessel density (LMD) of 5.8 ± 5 (range 0–18), and a CD31 microvessel density (MD) of 14 ± 8.9 (range 1–40). IDC
with comedonecrosis showed periductal D2-40 LMD of 8.4 ± 3.8 (range 4–18), and a CD31 MD of 24.3 ± 7.6 (range
14–40). There was a significant difference between periductal D2-40 LMD and CD31 MD counts in IDC with and without
comedonecrosis. There was a positive correlation of periductal D2-40 LMD and CD31 MD counts with high nuclear grade
(r = 0.39 and 0.56) of IDC as well as with the presence of comedonecrosis (r = 0.49 and 0.59). Both D2-40 LMD and CD31
MD did not correlate significantly with tumor size, estrogen status, or progesterone status. As IDC with comedonecrosis
and ⁄ or high nuclear grade has a worse prognosis than IDC without comedonecrosis and ⁄ or with low nuclear grade, it
appears that lymphatic and blood vascular density evaluated by D2-40 and CD31, respectively, are independent prognostic
indicators for patients with IDC of the breast and may be an indicator of early or unrecognized invasion or ‘‘regression.’’ n
Key Words: breast, comedonecrosis, intraductal carcinoma, lymphatic, microvessel density