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THE AUTHORS’ MODEL OF ENERGY, BANDWIDTH, AND LATENCY FOR DRAM
TECHNOLOGIES ENABLES EXPLORATION OF MEMORY HIERARCHIES THAT COMBINE
HETEROGENEOUS MEMORY TECHNOLOGIES WITH DIFFERENT ATTRIBUTES. ANALYSIS
SHOWS THAT THE GAP BETWEEN ON- AND OFF-PACKAGE DRAM TECHNOLOGIES IS
NARROWER THAN THAT FOUND BETWEEN CACHE LAYERS IN TRADITIONAL MEMORY
HIERARCHIES. THUS, HETEROGENEOUS MEMORY CACHES MUST ACHIEVE HIGH HIT RATES
OR RISK DEGRADING BOTH SYSTEM ENERGY AND BANDWIDTH EFFICIENCY.