Because self-monitoring was assessed with two subscales ("Sensitivity to expressive behavior of others" – Sensitivity – and "Ability to modify self-presentation" – Ability), two single correlations were calculated to test H1 (positive relation between self-monitoring and transformational leadership). The correlation between "Sensitivity" and transformational leadership is virtually zero (see Table 1). The correlation between "self-presentation" and transformational leadership is positive but rather low (see Table 1). Thus, H1 has to be rejected.