THE LAST-METER smart grid is the portion of the smart grid closer to the home, and the one with which customers
interact. It allows a two-way data flow between customers and electric utilities, transforming the “traditionally passive
end-users into active players” [1] in the energy market.Considering the seven domains of the conceptual model of
smart grids proposed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology [2], [3], the last-meter smart grid corresponds
to the “customer domain.” It enables residential, commercial, and industrial customers—based on their different energy
needs—to optimize energy consumption and local generation,and to actively participate to demand-response policies [4],
one of the most disrupting aspects of smart grids.