Fats are important for many industries such as pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food, and may be used as the chassis for products or as carrier matrices for the delivery of target compounds (Sato, 2001). The mechanical properties (e.g., texture, firmness, and spreadability), physical stability (e.g. phase separation), eating properties (e.g., mouthfeel or meltability), and visual appearance of the products depend on their underlying three-dimensional network of fat crystals. Fat composition, e.g., triacylglycerol (TAG) distribution and the presence of minor components such as emulsifiers, mono- and diacylglycerols (MAG and DAG, respectively) and/or non-fat ingredients, along with processing conditions such as cooling rate, agitation (shear), and processing temperature, may affect the crystallization behaviour of TAG molecules. There has been increased interest in elucidating the effect of shear on fat crystallization because of its industrial relevance, where it may be used to prevent sedimentation, aggregation, and enhance heat and mass transfer. Shear may also lead to the orientation of fat crystals and lead to the formation of new structured products. This review highlights recent research on fat crystallization with a focus on the effects of shear on fat structure at different length scales.