It can be seen from the results depicted in Fig. 5B that the energy
yield ranges from 94.5% (230 C, 0.5 h) to the rather low value of
63% (290 C, 1.5 h). The energy yield is over 90% for torrefaction at
230 C at 0.5 and 1 h. These results indicate that the energy yield of
torrefied biomass is lower when higher temperature and residence
time is applied.