The mean proportion of household income derived from a primary economic activity
suggests that nearshore fishers (.74) supplement their income with other livelihood
activities to a greater extent than offshore fishing households who rely mainly on their
fishing activities (.91). A similar dynamic is found between extensive and intensive fish
farmers (.76 and .89, respectively): In this case, land ownership between extensive and
intensive fishers does not differ to a significant extent (2.13 and 2.72 ha, respectively).
Those relying other primary economic activities (wage, self-employment, and farming)
draw on a mix of non-fishing and fishing livelihoods to a greater extent than other
households (.70). The degree of diversification found across households may be related to
the risks associated with small producer livelihoods: Small producers diversify as a coping
strategy, whereas wealthier fishers and fish farmers secure enough income to use this to
help buffer against stresses and shocks.