Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common
occurrence, especially among hospitalized
patients. It is estimated that 15% of persons
admitted to the hospital will develop AKI and that
even mild AKI is associated with an increase in morbidity,
mortality, and hospital costs.1,2 Additionally,
AKI places a patient at increased risk of developing
chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the future.3-5 This
is independent of the cause of AKI; however, the
more severe the AKI, the higher the risk of progression
to CKD. For example, progression to stage 4
CKD is found to be more rapid in cases of acute
tubular necrosis.4 According to a study published
in 2007, the prevalence of AKI upon admission
to the intensive-care unit (ICU) was found to be
36.1%.6 Patients undergoing cardiac surgery have
up to a 30% chance of developing AKI; 3% of these
individuals will require dialysis.1
However, AKI is not just a hospital problem.
Primary-care providers also must have an understanding
of the common causes and treatments.
These clinicians often will be the practitioners
to administer follow-up care once a hospitalized
patient is discharged, and they also may identify
those patients at risk
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonoccurrence, especially among hospitalizedpatients. It is estimated that 15% of personsadmitted to the hospital will develop AKI and thateven mild AKI is associated with an increase in morbidity,mortality, and hospital costs.1,2 Additionally,AKI places a patient at increased risk of developingchronic kidney disease (CKD) in the future.3-5 Thisis independent of the cause of AKI; however, themore severe the AKI, the higher the risk of progressionto CKD. For example, progression to stage 4CKD is found to be more rapid in cases of acutetubular necrosis.4 According to a study publishedin 2007, the prevalence of AKI upon admissionto the intensive-care unit (ICU) was found to be36.1%.6 Patients undergoing cardiac surgery haveup to a 30% chance of developing AKI; 3% of theseindividuals will require dialysis.1However, AKI is not just a hospital problem.Primary-care providers also must have an understandingof the common causes and treatments.These clinicians often will be the practitionersto administer follow-up care once a hospitalizedpatient is discharged, and they also may identifythose patients at risk
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