Discussion
In this systematic review, foot care interventions were
analyzed between 1989 and 2012. Thirty-one studies
investigated various foot care interventions that mostly
utilized foot care education, professional foot assessments,
and foot care skills, although the interventions varied
between studies. The learning outcomes assessed in the
studies utilized self-care scores, foot care knowledge
scores, and self-efficacy scores as they related to foot care.
The major behavioral outcomes assessed in the studies
were daily foot checks and foot self-exams. The clinical
outcomes assessed in the studies varied greatly across the
studies, but the most common outcome assessed was
presence of ulceration, risk of amputation, or presence of a
foot lesion. In the randomized controlled trials, there were
no studies that reported improved outcomes in the control
group as opposed to the intervention group. Although
there were many interventions and health outcomes
assessed in the included articles, consistency in the type
of intervention was lacking collectively throughout the
studies