Wilkinson’s research indicated that many failed quality improvement initiatives were “implemented in a partial manner” employing a confusing “set of tools and techniques,” improvement teams, and training, with no visible connection to the real business of the organization or to its improved performance.9 These efforts failed because the organizations failed to realize the interrelationships of the five previously cited guiding principles; little benefit was derived when the principles
were segregated.10 On the other hand, studies have shown that successful organizations appreciate the importance of the interrelationships of these common-sense principles. When they employ the principles as a system of management,
they exhibit greater profitability, increased customer satisfaction, more involved employees, lower costs,
higher productivity and efficiency, and superior quality in their products and services