Model (10) is used in the proposed novel fuzzy time series forecasting
method. The novel method is an improved version to high order
models of Aladag et al. (2012). The proposed method is using the
fuzzy c-mean method that was proposed in Bezdek (1981) in the
fuzzification stage, and the particle swarm optimization method in the
determining fuzzy relation stage. Some advantages of the proposed
method are listed below: