Bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization
during infancy, being a burden for the child and family, and
bearing huge costs for the healthcare systems. The main
principles for treatment include minimal handling, maintenance
of oxygen saturation, fluid balance and nutrition.
Other therapeutic options are inhalations with epinephrine,
normal saline or hypertonic saline, but the evidences for
their use are sparse. CPAP and heated humidified high-flow
nasal cannulae are commonly used in those with respiratory
failure, but more high-quality studies are needed to prove
their efficacy. Very few children may be in need of mechanical
ventilation.