And the insistence on delegating governance to the
illustrious few, on excluding he people from governing, remained at the core of liberal thought, from Montesquieu
(1995:332) to Mill. Freedom will be secured, J. S. Mill (1859, ch5) would maintain, only by disjoining the office of
control and criticism from the actual conduct of affairs, and devolving the former on the representatives of the Many, while
securing for the latter, under strict responsibility to the nation, the acquired knowledge and practiced intelligence of a specially
trained and experienced Few.