they help protect the mRNA from degradation.
When the mRNA reaches the cytoplasm,
the modified ends, in conjunction with certain
cytoplasmic proteins, facilitate ribosome attachment.
The 5¿ cap and poly-A tail are not
translated into protein, nor are the regions
called the 5¿ untranslated region (5¿ UTR) and 3¿
untranslated region (3¿ UTR). The pink segments
will be described shortly