As shown in Fig. 2, several stages of decomposition could be distinguished. At temperatures below 80 °C, no significant change or degradation was observed. In the first stage, a small DTG hump was observed around 100 °C, which is indicative of moisture removal. In the second stage between 180 and 400 °C, the chemical bonds in EFB began to break and the lightest volatile compounds were released. This stage usually represents the decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose