Plants originating from the two populations differed in nearly all
measured traits when grown together under the same conditions in
a greenhouse, and several of these differences follow the direction
of selection observed in the field (Table 1). Phenology of urban
plants was delayed relative to that of rural plants (Table 1). On
average, the urban plants began flowering ~3 d later than rural
plants, and senesced ~9 d later. Morphologically, the urban plants
were larger, having a larger rosette diameter, producing more
leaves, and having greater root and shoot biomass than the rural
plants (Table 1).