Among the three Taiwanese studies, poor sleep quality was found in both depressed (n = 82) and non depressed (n = 81) primipara mothers 13–20 days after childbirth, with mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores higher for depressed (10.99) than for nondepressed (8.17) mothers (Huang et al.,2004). Similarly, 71.7% of 167 women at 4 weeks postpartum were found to be poor sleepers (PSQI score > 5; Lee, 2005), and 110 women at 4 weeks postpartum had a mean PSQI score of 8.51 ± 3.69 (Teng et al., 2007). However, these studies had small samples, and the only study published in English (Huang et al., 2004) is now 9 years old.